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Dates and Times Fundamentals ============================ One of the most important aspects of Internet programming is Dates and Times. In this article we will learn how to manipulate dates and times. PHP getdate() function returns an associative array of getdate(timestamp) , evaluates local time if no timestamp given.seconds,minutes,hoursmday-Day of month ,wday-Day of Weekmon-Current Month Number,year- Numberyday-day of year as number,weekday-day of week in text form ,month-month of the year in text form. <?php $date_ar=getdate(); print_r($date_ar); ?> This function is very useful it enables us to format date dd/mm/yyyy <?php $date_1=getdate(); $date_2="$date_1[mday]/$date_1[mon]/$date_1[year]"; echo $date_2; ?> Checking Validity of a Date =========================== use the checkdate() function which validates date in the format MM/DD/YYYY LIST ==== void list (...) Like array(), this is not really a function, but a language construct. list() is used to assign a list of variables in one operation. Explode ======= array explode (string separator, string string [, int limit]) Returns an array of strings, each of which is a substring of string formed by splitting it on boundaries formed by the string separator. If limit is set, the returned array will contain a maximum of limit elements with the last element containing the rest of string.checkdate() function cont ... <?php $date1="1/15/2002"; //mm/dd/yyyy list($month,$day,$year)=explode("/",$date1); if (checkdate($month,$day,$year)){print "Valid Date !!!"; }else{ print "Not Valid !!!";} ?> mktime ====== Get UNIX timestamp for a date Description int mktime (int hour, int minute, int second, int month, int day, int year [, int is_dst]) Is_dst can be set to 1 if the time is during daylight savings time, 0 if it is not, or -1 (the default) if it is unknown whether the time is within daylight savings time or not. <?php $date1="1/15/2002";/mm/dd/yyyy list($month,$day,$year)=explode("/",$date1); $timestamp1=mktime(0,0,0,$month,$day,$year); echo $timestamp1; ?> Formatting Timestamps ===================== The easiest way of formatting UNIX timestamp is to use date() or strftime function <?php $date1=date("l F j",504107800); echo $date1; $date1=strftime("%A %B %d",504107800); echo $date1; ?> The following characters are recognized in the format string: * a - "am" or "pm" * A - "AM" or "PM" * B - Swatch Internet time * d - day of the month, 2 digits with leading zeros; i.e. "01" to "31" * D - day of the week, textual, 3 letters; i.e. "Fri" * F - month, textual, long; i.e. "January" * g - hour, 12-hour format without leading zeros; i.e. "1" to "12" * G - hour, 24-hour format without leading zeros; i.e. "0" to "23" * h - hour, 12-hour format; i.e. "01" to "12" * H - hour, 24-hour format; i.e. "00" to "23" * i - minutes; i.e. "00" to "59" * I (capital i) - "1" if Daylight Savings Time, "0" otherwise. * j - day of the month without leading zeros; i.e. "1" to "31" * l (lowercase 'L') - day of the week, textual, long; i.e. "Friday" * L - boolean for whether it is a leap year; i.e. "0" or "1" * m - month; i.e. "01" to "12" * M - month, textual, 3 letters; i.e. "Jan" * n - month without leading zeros; i.e. "1" to "12" * O - Difference to Greenwich time in hours; i.e. "+0200" * r - RFC 822 formatted date; i.e. "Thu, 21 Dec 2000 16:01:07 +0200" (added in PHP 4.0.4) * s - seconds; i.e. "00" to "59" * S - English ordinal suffix, textual, 2 characters; i.e. "th", "nd" * t - number of days in the given month; i.e. "28" to "31" * T - Timezone setting of this machine; i.e. "MDT" * U - seconds since the epoch * w - day of the week, numeric, i.e. "0" (Sunday) to "6" (Saturday) * Y - year, 4 digits; i.e. "1999" * y - year, 2 digits; i.e. "99" * z - day of the year; i.e. "0" to "365" * Z - timezone offset in seconds (i.e. "-43200" to "43200"). The offset for timezones west of UTC is always negative, and for those east of UTC is always positive. Unrecognized characters in the format string will be printed as- is. The "Z" format will always return "0" when using gmdate(). strtotime ========= This function tries to figureout the format of the date in the input string and return a timestamp for it. If you omits some part of date it will use the current time and date for the reminder. It is also useful in calculating timestamps for relative offsets. <?php $date1=mktime(0,0,0,07,08,2000); $date2=strtotime("+40 days",$date1); $date2=date("l F Y",$date2); echo $date2; ?> <?php $date1=mktime(0,0,0,07,08,2000); $date2=strtotime("+4 months +5 days",$date1); $date2=date("l F Y",$date2); echo $date2; ?> Halting Program Execution ========================= <?php print "Hallo Word"; sleep(10); // Sleep 10 seconds usleep(70);//Sleep 70 mircoseconds print "This was done after 10 minutes and 70 microseconds. ?> | |||||
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