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Title : Sed, a coder's best friend. This lovely linux command allows you to swap strings in a file. Great for changing a variable name in a script with multiple files.
Categories : HTML and PHP, HTML and PHP Update Picture
Tim Crider
Date : Jun 21st 1999
Grade : 1 of 5 (graded 1 times)
Viewed : 5510
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This is mainly for the Linux / *nix type developers. This will show you a small example of how to change the values of something in multiple files, without having to open each ove of
them up in an editor and doing it by hand.

example:
2 files: a.php3 b.php3

Contents
a.php3:
----
Hello World
----
b.php3:
----
GoodBye World
----

in that same directory type (Each on a new line ):

for i in *.php3 ; do
sed s^World^Planet^g < $i > $i.new
mv $i.new $i
done

Now read the files... they should read Hello Planet and Goodbye Planet

For a break down of those commands:

1 for i in *.php3 ; do
2 sed s^World^Planet^g < $i > $i.new
3 mv $i.new $i
4 done

Line 1:
sets up a loop that will execute the following functions until the construct no longer exists.
i is the counter, and *.php3 signifies that only files that end in .php3 will be effected.
; do actually starts the loop

Line 2:
sed (Stream EDitor), This command takes the target files, and reads them line by line... and changes the lines if they match the pattern.

syntax:
sed s^Target_String^Replacement_String^g < $i > $i.new

sed s = search and replace
Target_String = The string sed looks for
Replacement_String = The string that is put in place of the Target String
g = Globally. This means that if Hello Hello is on one line BOTH will be changed, if no g is added, only the first instance will be changed.
< $i = Takes the contents of the current file ($i) -- (Which is whatever *.php3 file is currently in the loop), and dumps it into set. (ex: x.php3)
> $i.new = Takes the RESULT of the sed command and dumps it into (current_file.new) (ex: x.php3.new)

Line 3:
moves x.php3.new to x.php3 (writes the changes to the old file)

Line 4:
ends the script.

This script has helped me incredibly time and time again, it has saved me hours of coding, by manipulating large groups of files without me ever having to open them up and editing
them. For more information on sed check out man sed on your linux box

Tim



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