|
|
| |
The release of MySQL 5.5 has brought several enhancements. While most of the coverage went, understandably, to the semi-synchronous replication, the enhancements of partitioning were neglected, and sometimes there was some degree of misunderstanding on their true meaning. With this article, we want to explain these cool enhancements, especially the parts that were not fully understood.
The intuitive part: partition by non-integer columns
Anyone who has used partitions so far (see MySQL 5.1 partitions in practice) has experienced some frustration at the amount of problems to face when using non-integer columns. Partitions in 5.1 can only deal with integer values, meaning that if you want to do partitions on dates or strings, you had to convert these columns with a function.
The new additions work with RANGE and LIST partitioning. There is a new COLUMNS keyword that introduces the new functionality.
Let's assume a table like this one:
|
|
CREATE TABLE expenses (
expense_date DATE NOT NULL,
category VARCHAR(30),
amount DECIMAL (10,3)
);
|
|
|
If you want to partition by category in MySQL 5.1, you will have to convert categories into integers, with an additional lookup table. As of MySQL 5.5., you can simply do |
|
ALTER TABLE expenses
PARTITION BY LIST COLUMNS (category)
(
PARTITION p01 VALUES IN ( 'lodging', 'food'),
PARTITION p02 VALUES IN ( 'flights', 'ground transportation'),
PARTITION p03 VALUES IN ( 'leisure', 'customer entertainment'),
PARTITION p04 VALUES IN ( 'communications'),
PARTITION p05 VALUES IN ( 'fees')
);
|
|
|
|
This statement, in addition to being clearly readable and to organizing the data into efficient chunks, has the beneficial side effect of ensuring that only the listed categories are accepted.
Another pain point in MySQL 5.1 is the handling of date columns. You can't use them directly, but you need to convert such columns using either YEAR or TO_DAYS, with situations like this one:
|
|
/* with MySQL 5.1*/
CREATE TABLE t2
(
dt DATE
)
PARTITION BY RANGE (TO_DAYS(dt))
(
PARTITION p01 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DAYS('2007-01-01')),
PARTITION p02 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DAYS('2008-01-01')),
PARTITION p03 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DAYS('2009-01-01')),
PARTITION p04 VALUES LESS THAN (MAXVALUE));
SHOW CREATE TABLE t2 \G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Table: t2
Create Table: CREATE TABLE `t2` (
`dt` date DEFAULT NULL
) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
/*!50100 PARTITION BY RANGE (TO_DAYS(dt))
(PARTITION p01 VALUES LESS THAN (733042) ENGINE = MyISAM,
PARTITION p02 VALUES LESS THAN (733407) ENGINE = MyISAM,
PARTITION p03 VALUES LESS THAN (733773) ENGINE = MyISAM,
PARTITION p04 VALUES LESS THAN MAXVALUE ENGINE = MyISAM) */
|
|
|
How dreadful. A real pain in the ... code. Of course, there were workarounds, but the trouble was quite a lot. Not to mention that it was really puzzling to define a partition using YEAR or TO_DAYS, and then having to query by bare column, as the queries by function did not kick the partition pruning.
Now it's a different story. Partitioning by date has become easy and immediate.
Read More |
|
|
|
| Saving Images in MySQL
Categories : MySQL, PHP, Graphics, Databases | | | Watching The Web
Categories : PHP, Databases, MySQL, HTTP, MD5 | | | How To add paging (Pagination) with PHP and MySQL
Categories : PHP, Beginner Guides, Databases, MySQL, HTML and PHP | | | Referer Statistics
Categories : PHP, MySQL, HTTP, Databases | | | Descriptions of Common Data Types
Categories : MySQL, Databases, PHP, PHP options/info, General | | | Access vs. MySQL
Categories : Databases, MySQL, MS Access | | | Beginners guide to PHP and MySQL
Categories : PHP, Beginner Guides, Databases, MySQL, Installation | | | Creating an IE-Only Database Driven Menu System With PHP, MySQL and DHTML
Categories : PHP, MySQL, Databases, DHTML | | | Unicode and Other Funny Characters
Categories : Databases, MySQL, Unicode | | | PHP, MySQL and Authentication 101
Categories : PHP, Databases, MySQL, Authentication | | | Building A Persistent Shopping Cart With PHP and MySQL
Categories : PHP, MySQL, Databases, Ecommerce | | | Case Study: Handling MySQL Growth With a PHP Class
Categories : Databases, MySQL, PHP | | | MySQL Access Control System - Grant Tables
Categories : Databases, MySQL, Security | | | How Logs Work On MySQL With InnoDB Tables
Categories : Databases, MySQL, InnoDB | | | Practical Date and Time examples with PHP and MySQL
Categories : Databases, MySQL, PHP, Date/time | |
| | |
|
